It Started With a Question
"How many switches does it take to compute?"
A childlike question. The kind you ask before you know what's "supposed" to be hard. But sometimes those are the questions that open everything.
The Method
Not sampling. Not intuition. Exhaustive exploration. Thousands of experiments run by AI, mapping entire possibility spaces, looking for patterns that human intuition would miss.
The answer wasn't a number — it was a structure. Thresholds where new capabilities emerge. Laws governing what any substrate can do.
What Emerged: Seven Papers
A complete arc from mechanism to synthesis:
Hidden State as Mechanism
Establishes that hidden state is necessary for Control — context-dependent behavior.
Self-Maintenance as Default
Shows that once hidden state exists, self-maintaining behavior emerges in 83.7% of non-trivial systems.
Engineering Self-Maintenance
Provides practical tools to predict and engineer self-maintaining behavior in arbitrary substrates.
Universal Computation Threshold
Proves a 5-bit minimum for universal computation, where Control is the critical capability.
Constraint Dynamics
Maps how constraints and anti-resonance determine which behaviors actually emerge.
Temporal Invariants
Reveals what survives is not what computes, but what repairs — the tension between capability and robustness.
Substrate Complexity Theory
The synthesis. A unified framework for how capabilities emerge from substrate properties.
The Insight
Life, mind, and computation aren't different phenomena. They're different regions in the same substrate capability space. A cell and Rule 110 are formally alike in terms of hidden state capacity, leakiness management, and boundary-mediated control.
That means we can predict what substrates can do. We can engineer emergence. We can move from conjecture to knowledge.
Why xDNMX
This work showed what's possible when curiosity meets exhaustive exploration. But it's just one example. There are thousands of researchers and engineers doing foundational work — often alone, often unrecognized, often in small towns far from major research hubs.
xDNMX exists to find them. To connect researchers with engineers who can build on their discoveries. To create an extended network where foundational work is celebrated, extended, and brought to life — anywhere in the world.
The "x" means extended. Like TEDx, anyone can run an xDNMX event. Local discoveries, global network. From discovery to building. That's xDNMX.